Ellen always tells me, “You don’t need to be Sigmund Freud to interpret your dreams,” and she’s right. The unfinished school paper, the forgotten class, the phone that will not work … these are all classic dreams for someone who’s personality looks like this:
But more abstract dreams and the unconscious have always fascinated me. I was interested in psychology in high school not because I wanted to help people but because I was interested in subliminal messaging. In 1972 Wilson Scott Key published his book Subliminal Seduction. He followed that up with Media Sexploitation (1976) and The Clam Plate Orgy (1982). I found all of these books in the St. Joseph Public Library, my second home, and devoured them, though they all had the same message: the media, especially advertisers, were using subliminal messaging to manipulate us into buying products.
About the same time I was reading Key’s books, a movement was afoot to identify hidden messages in rock songs, especially songs by heavy metal bands. The main method for delivery was said to be “back-masking,” or engineering phrases into albums that could only be heard when played backward. I spent a lot of time trying to find hidden messages in songs like “Stairway to Heaven,” though I was skeptical about the idea of being affected in any way by a message you couldn’t hear.

Key’s idea of subliminal messaging in advertising is now so obvious, and I never did find anything as scandalous as even “Please patronize our snack bar” hidden in “Stairway to Heaven.” As lyrics became more explicit in every way, the idea that any song needed a “hidden” message became absurd. When Ozzy Osbourne was taken to court because his song “Suicide Solution” allegedly influenced a teen to kill himself with the barely discernible phrase “Do it! Do it!” whispered over and over, the lawsuit ignored more obvious (again, played forward) lyrics like:
Evil thoughts and evil doings
Cold, alone you hang in ruins
Thought that you’d escape the reaper
You can’t escape the master keeper
I’ve been thinking about this because I’ve been reading Sigmund Freud’s Interpretation of Dreams. Not the real thing, yet, just the introduction by the editors of the Barnes & Noble Classics edition I picked up kind of randomly last week. (I can’t leave a bookstore empty handed.) Freud started as a regular doctor with a special interest in neurological pathology, physical problems with identifiable physical causes. However, he became interested in physical problems that didn’t have physical causes. His research and thinking and studies led him to his revolutionary theories of the unconscious–for example, the id, the ego, and the superego.
What interests me so far about Interpretation of Dreams is the idea that dreams are the mind’s way of sorting out what has happened during the day, and making sense of it by attaching the day’s events to similar events from our past. It’s much more nuanced than this, and again, I’ve only read the introduction, but my understanding now is like this: Since the events rarely match up perfectly, the mind invents connections that seem to us bizarre, but in dream language make perfect sense. Freud’s addition is to say that those previous similar events are rooted in long-suppressed memories or traumas, so the things that we see in a dream–a lobster, for example–is not really a lobster, but a representation of, say, an angry parent. Even the most bizarre dreams make sense, it can just take a lot of imaginative work (Freud’s method was “free association”) to figure them out.
Of course, Freud is not fashionable these days, even though late in life he did reject one of his kookier ideas, the “seduction hypothesis.” The answer to most psychiatric problems today is medication, augmented by some form of talking therapy. But Freud literally opened our minds to the reality that even today, with all of the technology we have at our disposal, our minds are universes we will likely never fully understand. We look into the night sky and see the void, and we look into the void and see ourselves.










Last week I went to a bookstore hoping to find books by the French existentialist philosopher Jean-Paul Sartre. I have been interested in existentialism’s challenges to our assumptions about meaning, existence, and what it means to exist (or not) since high school. The chain book store I went to (sorry, friends at 





